CrMo ring billet a uhpung a arawn alai ni hpe yu yang, 480 rad/s hpe casting lawan ai hku galaw ai vertical centrifugal hpe 1500℃1000 diameter, 360mm ngu ai shinggan diameter hte 360mm ngu ai kata na diameter hte cast hka hpe hka ja ai lam a lam masat masa ni a n-gun hpe n-gun dat ai hku nna, n-gun rawng ai hkum hkrang hpe computer nambat hku shingdaw ai lam rai nga ai. Hkrang 4. Ndai sumla kaw na mu lu ai hte maren, anular casting a shinggan bunghku gaw, tsawm htap ai isopaxial crystal ginra langai mi re. Casting a kata lam hta, hkaulan mam gaw n-gun ja ai isopaxial crystal kaw nna, n-gun ja ai columnar crystal ginra de galai mat wa nna, columnar crystal gaw grau grau kaba wa nga ai. Ndai lam gaw, centrifugal casting solidification a lam hta alloy a majaw, bunghku hpe katsi shangun ai, n-gun n rawng ai, crystal solidification, crystalline latent heat gaw, cast bunghku gaw matut manoi shinggan de katsi mat ai hte dingyang rai nga ai, dai majaw, centrifugal casting galaw ai lam a ngang kang ai lam hta metal gaw, n-gun rawng ai bunghku gaw katsi ai, raitim, hka lim ai shaloi, hka lim ai, raitim, hka lim ai, n-gun rawng ai. metal gaw n-gun n law ai nbung katsi ai bunghku hpe n-gun ja ai katsi ai hte n-gun ja ai n-gun hte n-gun ja ai n-gun hte n-gun kaba ai n-gun hpe shapraw ya ai. Dai ni gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sha, n-gun n rawng ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai majaw, core block langai hte langai matut nna kaba wa nga ai, dai majaw, grup yin casting wall area ginra kaji, axial crystal wuhpung wuhpawng a makau kaw, n-gun ja ai n-gun ja ai hte ngang grin ai solidification shell byin pru wa ai, n-gun ja ai n-gun ja ai hte ngang grin ai solidification shell byin pru wa ai, npawt nhpang rawt jat galu kaba wa na matu, n-gun ja ai n-gun atsam a ntsa kaw nna, npawt nhpang hte kata lam rawt jat galu kaba wa na matu, npawt nhpang hte kata lam kaw nna rawt jat wa ai. lamu ga. Dai majaw, n-gun yawm mat ai majaw, alloy liquid katsi ai lawan ai lam yawm mat ai majaw, alloy solidification speed n law ai, centrifugal casting process alloy liqui shadaw daw hpum. Laksan lata la ai rawt jat lam a majaw, columnar crystal hpe gyin shalat ai hta, bunghku hte tsan ai shara de grau tsan ai shara de, n kaja ai crystal ni hpe grau law hkra yeng seng kau ai shaloi, columnar crystal a lam hpe grau shinggrup nna, mam a kaba ai hpe grau kaba ai, sumla 1 (c) hta madun da ai hte maren, grau kaba wa ai.
3 Macroscopic garan ginhka ai lam a mabyin masa 3.1 Centrifugal casting hpe ngang kang hkra galaw ai aten hta, shinggrup ai magri ntsin gaw radial centrifugal n-gun hte dingyang n-gun rawng ai, dingyang hkrat wa ai n-gun atsam ni hpe hkam la lu ai. Dai centrifugal n-gun gaw, shingjawng ai lam a radius hte maren sha rai nna, angular shingjawng ai lam a square hte maren rai nga ai:
F gaw m2r hte tsan ai.
Gara kaw: F gaw magri ntsin a centrifugal n-gun rai nga ai; m gaw metal ntsin a n-gun re; shi gaw cast ni a shinggrup ai angular velocity rai nga ai. Gravitational field hta gravity acceleration zawn, magri ntsin gaw, shingjawng ai centrifugal force field hta centrifugal acceleration byin wa na re.3.2 CrMo ring casting hpe centrifugal cast galaw na matu, hka lim ai atom ni hpe bai garan ginhka ai lam gaw, solidification nbung laru hte solid phase hte liquid phase a npawt nhpang npawt nhpang hte rau byin wa na re. Dai majaw, alloy composition hta grai galai shai wa ai lam ni hpe byin shangun ai. Macroscopic segregation equation p hta tsun da ai hte maren, alloy lwi ai lam a shadawn shadang n-gun hte shi a solidification katsi ai n-gun gaw macroscopic bias rai nga ai.
u 1
Analysis gaw madung lit hpe gun hpai nga ai. Shi a mahtai gaw 1 byin wa ai shaloi, garan ginhka ai lam n nga ai. Centrifugal n-gun a akyu a majaw, shi a lwi ai lawan ai lam hpe lawan ladan galaw lu ai, dai shaloi, alloy liquid flow speed v. N-gun ja ai lawan ai lam hpe n-gun jaw ai hte, hka lim ai lam gaw, lahkawng-phase ginra a katsi ai shara kaw nna, katsi ai jahtum de, dai gaw, hka lim ai kaw nna, hka lim ai n-gun n law ai hte, hka lim ai sut su ai ginra a npawt nhpang hte, n kaja ai segregation hpe shabyin ya ai, n kaja ai segregation hpe shapraw ya ai. Ndai sawk sagawn ai hta, alloy elements ni a npu e, chromium gaw carbon hte n-gun ja ai hku hkau lam nga ai, dai gaw carbon a diffusion rate hpe shayawm ya ai, supercooled austenite decomposition a n-gun hpe jat ya ai, dai hku nna n-gun ja ai lam hpe shayawm ya ai, dai hku nna garan ginhka ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai.3.3 Layer segregation sumla 4 gaw, n-gun n-gun n-gun (cast axial section) hta n-gun rawng ai n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun hte n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai hka lwi ai lam a schematic diagram langai mi rai nga ai. Cast kata de alloy liquid, axial flow, shamu shamawt ai lam a hkrang hku nna magri ntsin gaw, n-gun shayawm ai lam, hka lim ai lam kaji ai, kaji ai, shawng na hka lwi ai a lawan ai lam hte shawng na lwi ai lam a lawan ai lam hte shawng nnan na lwi ai, lwi ai, hte kaga lam ni hta lai nna, nbung katsi ai, lawan ai hte tissue shai hkat ai zawn re ai nbung katsi ai lam a masa ni a majaw, n-gun rawng ai hka lwi ai lam a majaw, n-gun shayawm ai lam a lawan ai lam a majaw, n-gun shayawm ai lam a majaw, n-gun shayawm ai lam a lawan ai lam, n-gun shayawm ai lam a majaw, n-gun shayawm ai lam a hkrang hku nna, n-gun rawng ai hka lwi ai lam a hkrang hku nna, n-gun rawng ai hka lwi ai lam a hkrang hku nna, n-gun rawng ai hka lwi ai lam a shawng na layer rai nga ai.
3.4 garan ginhka ai lam hpe shayawm na matu shadawn shadang ni Macro garan ginhka ai lam hpe shayawm na matu ladat ni gaw: ① Alloy liqui
A htuk manu ai hka lwi ai lam.② Sali wunli hpe lawan ladan galaw na matu, alloy liquid a solidification ladat hta n-gun rawng ai tsi hpe bang u.③ Ndai solid-liquid lahkawng daw a solidification aten hpe kadun hkra galaw na matu htap htuk ai katsi ai ladat hpe jai lang nna, mai byin ai daram solidification katsi ai aten hpe jat wa hkra galaw u.
Cu-17Ni-3Al-X a n-gup magap hpe 265mm, 50mm daram galu ai hte 125mm daram galu ai hpe centrifugal casting ladat hku nna lajang da ai. Copper alloy casting a tissue a arawn alai hte macro-segregation hpe metallography hte electronic sawk sagawn ai lam hku nna sawk sagawn ai. Dai mahtai gaw, casting hta isoaxial crystal hte cylindrical crystal hkrang lahkawng nga ai hpe madun dan ai, dai ni gaw, casting a shinggan bunghku hte kata bunghku hta garan nna, casting a lapran daw hte, casting a kata bunghku makau na shara hta garan nga ai. Madung hpawng de ai hta, ja nsam ni Cu, Ni, hte Al hte Al gaw, radial hte axial lam ni hku nna, n-gun n law ai macroscopic segregation hpe madun dan ai, raitim, alloy a hkrang shapraw ai shara kata kaw naw nga ai.2 Test Results 2.1 Casting a npawt nhpang macroscopic tissue arawn alai ni hpe sumla 2 hta madun da ai. casting makau kaw symmetrical; casting a macroscopic wuhpung hpe dan dawng ai shara mali hku garan mai ai: n bung ai shara mali hku garan mai ai: n bung ai shara mali hku garan mai ai: n bung ai shara mali hku garan mai ai: casting a shinggan bunghku a fine isoaxial zone (ID, ID, coarse isoaxial zone (II) a kata na bunghku makau na n-gun ja ai isoaaxial zone, IV a kata na bunghku a jahtum daw de IV) hpe madun da ai. Ndai ginra 4 a wuhpung wuhpawng a arawn alai ni hpe Table 1 hta madun da ai.
Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun dat ni hka lim mat nna, solute atom ni hpe bai garan gachyan ai lam gaw, alloy composition hta grai galai shai ai lam n byin shangun ai majaw re. Macroscopic garan ginhka ai lam a garan ginhka ai ladat hku nna, macroscopic garan ginhka ai lam hpe yeng seng kau na matu masa lam ni gaw:
v / u / ( 1)
Dai alloy hpe dawdan ai shaloi, dendrite kata na liquid flow a shadawn shadang velocity hte alloy a solidification velocity hpe dawdan ai. Dai n-gun ja ai hte ga sadi tawn da ai alloy a matu, dendrite kata na ntsin lwi ai lam a shadawn shadang n-gun hte alloy a solidification velocity gaw n bung ai maga de rai nga ai shaloi, liquid flow a average velocity hte grau kaba wa ai shaloi, macroscopic segregation hpe shayawm na matu grau kaja ai. Centrifugal casting galaw ai shaloi, centrifugal hpyen hpung hte Coridian n-gun a lwi ai n-gun hpe madung hku nna lawan ai hku galaw ai, dai gaw macroscopic garan ginhka ai lam hpe pat shingdang na matu n kaja ai. Raitim, ndai sawk sagawn ai hta, madung daw ni gaw magri hte nickel ni re majaw, shanhte a hka lim ai lam hta shanhte a density shai hkat ai lam gaw grai kaji ai, dai hta n-ga, centrifugal casting hka katsi ai lam gaw, denddrite hpe hkrak hkrak gram lajang ya lu ai, alloy solidification speed hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai, grau nna, casting blank blank (55mm daram) a bunghku a n-gun gaw, hka lim ai lam hpe hkrak hkra pat shingdang lu ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai hka lim ai lam hpe pat shingdang lu ai majaw, shing nrai, shayawm kau lu ai majaw re.
RCC-M a ra sharawng ai lam ni hte maren, CPR1000 a nuclear zunlawng a madung pipeline a npawt nhpang arung arai ni gaw hka n-gun n rawng ai n-gun n rawng ai n-gun (French brand Z3CN20-09M) rai nga ai. Ndai chyam dinglik ai lam gaw, MC1000 shevler sumla (Schaeffler) hte MC1340 daw ni hte maren, madung pipeline a magri lawm ai lam hpe dawdan nna, ladat amyu myu a sawk sagawn ai mahtai ni hta shai hkat ai lam ni a lachyum hpe sawk sagawn ai. Madung pipeline a galaw shapraw ai mahkrum madup hte RCC-MM3406 hta lawm ai lam ni hpe madung tawn nna, pipeline a magri lawm ai lam ni law wa ai lam a lachyum ni hpe sawk sagawn ai. Hka htung n-gun hte MC1340 hpe jep joi ai lam a ladat, nhprang dat ni hpe dawdan ai lam, hka htung kaba hta n bung ai hku garan ginhka ai lam hpe yeng seng kau na ladat ni hpe kadun dawk tsun dan ai.
Centrifugal casting a n kaja ai lam gaw, centrifugal n-gun a bungli galaw ai lam npu hta, n-gun ja ai n-gun, n-gun kaba ai, wuhpung wuhpawng gaw bunghku de grau kaba ai masa nga ai (centrifugal tube a shinggan maga) n-gun grau law ai, n-gun kaji ai, element hte wuhpung wuhpawng gaw kata lam de htawt sit wa na masa grau kaba ai, ndai mabyin hpe centrifugal casting floating, shinggan mabyin masa ni hpe, centrifugal tube zawn re ai, n-gun dat garan ginhka ai lam hpe byin shangun na re. austenite stainless casting, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, phosphorus hte sulfur elements ni hpe centrifugal hka htung a kata na npu de lwi shangun ai, centrifugal hka htung a shinggan maga de density law ai shara ni hpe n-gun dat ai. 1990 ning hta, phosphorus, sulfur hte kaga lam ni hpe kata na npu na nsam ni law jat wa ai kaw na pru wa ai.Tara 2 hta chyam dinglik sample lahkawng hpe lata la nna, nitrogen n-gun hpe spectroscopic ladat hte dawdan ai. Mahtai ni hpe Table 3 hta madun da ai, lahta na dawdan ai lam hpe grau nna madi madun da ai.
Dai hpe metallography hte Schevler sumla hte DeLong sumla kaw na lu la ai hpe mu lu ai, dai kaw na pru wa ai carbon hte nitrogen gaw austenite hpe hpaw shabawn ai (sh) ngang grin hkra galaw ya ai grau nna n-gun ja ai lam ni re. DeLong sumla hta, nickel hte bung ai jahpan masa a daw hta nga ai carbon hte nitrogen gaw 30% rai nga ai. 1990 ning hta kata lam ntsa hta n-gun kaba ai n-gun hpe hkam sharang lu ai. Dai hta n-ga, centrifugal casting galaw ngut ai hpang, hka hpe lawan ai hku hka ja ai (hka katsi ai centrifuge tube) centrifugal casting pipe gaw nbung katsi ai centrifugal casting tube hta grau kaji ai, magri garan ai lam gaw grai bung ai. MP30 ferrite tester hpe lang nna, 1 / 4 kata na n-gup magap, 1 / 2 hte 1 / 4 kaw na 1 / 1 1 1 1 unit a shinggan n-tsa kaw na hpri n-gun hpe chye lu ai. Ndai sawk sagawn ai shara hpe sumla 6 hta madun da nna, mahtai ni hpe Table 4 hta madun da ai.Table 4 hku nga yang, hka garan ai lam hpe centrifugal casting galaw ngut ai hpang hkap la ai, kata na hka bunghku kaw nna shinggan bunghku de du hkra, dan dawng ai hku jat wa ai magri garan ginhka ai lam n nga ai.(3) Metallography hte DeLong sumla kaw na mu lu ai hte maren, nitrogen gaw carbon hte bung ai, dai gaw austenite (sh) stable austenite element ni hpe byin pru wa hkra n-gun jaw ya ai. 1990 ning hta, n-gun rawng ai n-gun hpe sawk sagawn ai hte hkang zing ai hta, shevler-diagram hku nna jep joi ai RCC-MM3406 a hka lim ai lam hpe hkan sa ai hta n-ga, nitrogen hte kaga ngam nga ai daw ni hpe mung hkang ra ai.(4) Austenite ferrite stainless steel centrifuge tube hpe htu ai shaloi, n-gun ja ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun hpe centrifugal n-gun hku nna shinggyin la lu ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, nitrogen hte carbon a density gaw magri hta grau n law ai majaw, centrifuge tube a kata na bunghku de htawt sit wa chye ai, dai gaw, n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni hpe garan ginhka ai majaw, hka lim ai lam hpe garan ginhka ai lam byin shangun ai. Austenite-ferrite stainless steel centrifuge tube a n-gun hte tissue garan ginhka ai lam hpe hkang lu na ladat gaw hka n-gun rawng ai centrifugation rai nga ai. Dai aten hta, centrifugal casting gaw, laksan arung arai ni hte casting ni hpe galaw lu ai atsam ra ai lam ni hpe shapraw lu ai, composition segregation a arawn alai hpe shabyin ya ai.
