Nkau mi gaw quality centrifugal castings ni hpe n-gun jaw na matu
nbung n-gun kadun ai kaw na si ai kaw na si mat ai
Shachyen shaga ai:
Ni-Ress groove insert galaw ai lam gaw kaja dik ai system hpe galaw shapraw ai lam gaw, si ai aten galu ai carousel type centrifugal casting jak ni hpe lang nna, rpm, nbung katsi ai hte cycle aten hpe shi hkrai shi hkang lu ai. volume kaba ai galaw shapraw ai ni gaw 2-meter dis hpe madung lang ai. Hpang jahtum kaw nna jahtum du hkra, hka lim ai lam hpe maren mara hkra galaw na matu, aten hte hka lim ai hpe hkap la ai.
Bawng dung ai casting ni hpe galaw shapraw ai (sh) manu n law ai ni hpe garan jaw ai ni hpang de htawt sit ai hta, centrifugal casting jak ni gaw, hka n htum ai sha 300mm galu ai 300mm galu ai shara hpe n-gun n rawng ai. Microstructure hpe hkang lu ai atsam gaw grau yak wa ai, grau nna hka htung ni a hpang jahtum hta grau lawan ai hku ngang kang wa ai majaw re. Dai hka htung a shawng maga gaw, ndai jahtum kaw ru bang ai hot metal hte grau ni htep ai, grau galu ai hku nga nga ai.
Dai zawn re ai hka htung ni kaw na pru wa ai insert ni a quality tsaw ai hte n bung ai lam ni hpe lu la na matu, maga mi kaw nna kaga langai de, asan sha re ai npawt tara nkau mi hpe galaw shapraw ai lam hta ngang ngang kang kang hkan sa ra ai.
Melt hkyen lajang ai lam:
Input raw arung arai ni:
Ndai arung arai hta Nickel a tsa lam shadang law ai gaw, n-gun rawng ai wan wut ai wan n-ga hpe ra sharawng nna, n-gun rawng ai wan n-ga hpe kayau kaya bang ra ai. Ndai lam a matu kaja dik htum gaw, Mains frequency 500-Kg n-gun hte 1000-Kg n-gun hpe grau ra sharawng ai.
Input raw materials ni gaw, hkam la mai ai san seng ai lam rai ra ai. Carbide gaw Mo, Va, Ti hte W zawn re ai elements ni hpe hkrang shapraw ai lam ni hpe hkan tam ra ai. Sadi maja ra ai lam: Sut masa lam hte seng ai gwi ni law law hta Mo hte Ti law law nga ai. Hpang jahtum na insert hta ndai lam ni hpe lawu na shadawn sharam kata de hkang lu na matu ra sharawng ai:
Mo > 0.05%
Ti > 0.04%
W > 0.02%
Va > 0.02%
Steel scrap gaw Ni-resist arung arai ni hta n mai sawn la ai manghkang ni hpe byin shangun lu ai tramp elements ni a npawt nhpang re. Dai steel scrap hpe mai byin ai daram max 10% daram sha jaw ra ai hte chye da ai npawt nhpang hte n-gun n-gun hpe shadawn shadang tawn ra ai.
Chips hte boring ni hpe mung mai byin ai daram npu kaw tawn da ra ai, shanhte hpe tsep kawp koi kau lu yang .. Ndai ni hpe max 60% daram sha tawn da nna, hkyet mat nna san seng ra ai.Melt hta chips ni hpe langai sha zawn kayau na matu yak ai. Chips kaw na nkau mi a sum mat ai lam ni gaw grai law ai hte chips ni hta nbung hte hydrogen shingbyi na hkrit tsang hpa nga ai, dai lahkawng yan gaw n kaja ai graphite hte coarse/clustered carbide ni hpe n-gun jaw ya ai.
Melt hta sulfur gaw n-gun n law ai shara hta ra ai. Ra sharawng ai n-gun hpe lu la na matu 0.06% daram tawn da ra ai. Sulfur grau tsaw ai majaw, n-gun n rawng ai lam ni hpe byin shangun ai.
Carbon bung ai lam:
Carbon Equivalent ( CE ) gaw cast iron ni a matu ahkyak ai parameter langai re ai hpe chye lu ai. Ndai lam gaw, casting hta gyin shalat da ai microstructure amyu hta ahkyak ai shara hpe hkam la nga ai. Dai gaw, ngang kang ai n-gun hte grai matut mahkai nga ai, dai gaw, n-gun rawng ai lam ni hte nbung katsi ai lam ni a cross-sections ni a majaw byin pru wa ai.
General convention gaw CE manu hpe Volume/Surface (V/S) ratio hte maren shadawn shadang hku nna sawn la na matu re. 3-dimensional castings ni a matu, n bung ai cross-sections ni a matu, ndai gaw grai yak ai. 3-dimensional rai tim, centrifugal hka htung ni gaw galu kaba ai lam ting hta symmetrical section galaw ai majaw, lawu na formula hta madun da ai hte maren ndai ni a matu V/S hpe sawn la mai ai:
Volume / Ntsa Ndai Ratio V/S
V/S = ( D2 - d2 ) H / 4 ( DH + dH + ( D2 - d2 ) / 2 )
Gara kaw, D= shinggan na hka htung ( OD ) hpe Centrifugal shat shadu sha ai shara
d=Centrifugal shat shadu sha ai shara a kata na Diameter ( ID )
H= Centrifugal shat shadu sha ai shara a galu kaba ai
Centrifugal cast pot a matu grau kaja ai lam langai gaw, Saturation a Degree rai na re, dai hpe formula hku nna jaw ai:
Saturation a Degree Sc :
;
dai kaw, C, Si hte Ni gaw, n-gun-% hta manu dan ai lam majing ni rai nga ai.
Anhte a application ni a matu S .c = 0,80 - 0,95
CE meter hpe furnace kaw bang da ai gaw, hka htung ni hpe n bang shi yang, Carbon hte Silicon hpe magri hta grau ngang kang ai hte kalang ta hkang lu na matu galaw ya na re.
Inoclation galaw ngut ai hpang C, Si & Mn ni a hpaji jaw da ai.
Carbon: 2.70 – 2.80%
Silicon: 2.10 – 2.20%
Mangane masha ni: 1.20 – 1.30%
Melting:
Ni-Resist arung arai ni hta Nickel hte magri law law hpe kaja dik htum kayau na matu, charge bang ai lam hpe wan wut ai shara de bang na matu ahkyak nga ai. 50% Pig iron + Scrap hpe shawng nnan galai na matu, shang wa ai arung arai ni hpe charge galaw ai ladat gaw, hka lim mat ai shaloi, Nickel, Copper, Ferro alloys, carbon, hpang jahtum e, 50% Pig Iron hpe jat bang ya ai.
Carbon hpe 2.75 - 2.80%, Ni hta 14.5 -15%, Silicon 1.8 – 1.9%, Chromium 1.15 –1.2%, Mn hta 1.2 – 1.25% hta hka shin ai aten hta gram lajang ra ai.
Silicon Carbide a lit:
Melt hta ra ai nucleation site ni hpe hkam la lu na matu, SiC gaw ahkyak ai lit hpe gun hpai nga ai. Dai majaw SiC gaw shawng na charge make-up hpe masat da ai daw langai mi hpe hpaw ra ai. Bai nna, chemistry hpe jep yu nna myit hkrum ngut ai hpang, melt hpe super-shat galaw shi yang, SiC jat bang ai lam ni hpe bai jat bang ra ai; bai nna, ladle nkau mi hpe n-gun n rawng hkra galaw ngut ai hpang mung, carbon yawm mat ai hpe gram lajang na matu mung rai nga ai. Ndai lam gaw, carbon rawng ai lam a matu, ni htep ai shadawn sharam hpe makawp maga ya lu nna, dai majaw, grau nna n-gun rawng ai CE hte microstructure hpe lu la na matu karum ya na re.
Charge-up hta SiC a hpaji jaw da ai jahpan gaw, charge hta bang da ai alloying elements ni hte rau, yawng manu jahpu yawng a 0.25% rai nga ai. Ndai jat bang ai lam hpe carbon hte silicon a matu charge make-up hta sawn la ai. 1400C katsi ai shara de melt ngut ai hpang, chemistry hpe jep yu nna, ra ai rai yang gram lajang ai lam ni hpe galaw nna, bai maram yu ai. Chemistry hpe myit hkrum ngut ai hpang, 0.1% SiC hpe bai jat bang nna, kalang ta wan wut ai lam hpe hpring tsup hkra woi sa wa nna, hka lim ai lam hpe bungli galaw ai nbung katsi ai shara de super-heated galaw ai (1480 –1500 C, hka de hkrat wa ai aten hta myit mada da ai nbung katsi ai lam hta hkan nna, ladle langai hpra kaw na htum mat ai aten hta hkan nna), n-gun n rawng ai ladle hpe atsawm sha n-gun dat hpang wa ai.
SiC hpe jat bang na matu mung, carbon sum ai lam ni hpe bai jat bang na matu, hka lim ai aten hta aten kadun laman hta galaw ra ai. SiC jat bang ai lam a jahpan hte aten masat masa hpe hkrak tup jep joi yu na matu, aten hte rau carbon hkrat sum ai lam a matu, grai sadi maja let yu reng ai katsi ai lam law law hpe galaw na gaw kaja dik htum re. Matut manoi galaw shapraw ai ladat hta, ladle tapped langai hte langai hta carbon rawng ai lam hpe jep yu ai gaw, 0.05% jan hkrat sum mat ai hpe chye lu na matu ra ai jahpan ni hpe jaw na re, dai aten hta SiC a jahpan hpe maram masam da ai jahpan hpe wan wut ai shara de jat bang nna, n-gun n rawng shi yang minit loi mi sha na matu ahkang jaw ai.
Ladle Filling hte inculation:
Gara ladle hpe mung galaw shapraw ai shara de n-gun n jaw shi yang, dai hpe atsawm sha katsi shangun ra ai, dai hku nna lining hpe hkum tsup hkra hkyet mat nna, mai byin ai daram katsi hkra galaw ra ai. Shift hpang ai shaloi hpang jahtum na katsi ai lam hte hkring sa ngut ai hpang gaw, wan wut kaw na molten metal hte reladling galaw nna galaw ra ai. Metal hpe n lang shi yang, 750C ra ai n-gun yawm dik htum de ladle hpe la sa na matu, reladling langai hta jan ra na re. Katsi ai hpe hkrak hkra galaw na matu contact pyrometer hpe lang ra ai.
Theory hku yu yang, Ni a tsaw ai arung arai ni gaw tinang hkum hpe n-gun jaw ai. Raitim, anhte a centrifugal castings ni a daw ni hte microstructure ntsa na rigid control ni a matu, ra sharawng hpa rai nna, hka lim ai aten hte ni dik ai shara hta, n-gup magap hta tsi htu na matu ra kadawn nga ai. High Grade Ferro Silicon ( 75 % ) hte tsi htu na matu bungli galaw ai shara hpe 0.20 kaw nna 0.25 % Si pick- up hpe la sa na matu sawn la ai. Strontium a shang lawm ai majaw, ndai arung arai hta superseed galaw da ai zawn re ai, htunghking hku galaw ai iron inosed ni hpe n lang na matu hpaji jaw ai.
N law htum lamu ga ni hpe shachyen ya ai gaw anhte a microstructure hpe karum ya na re. Grau kaja ai RESEED hpe jai lang lu ai atsam hpe cerium hte jai lang lu ai atsam hpe sawk sagawn mai ai.
Bai nna, n-gun n rawng ai ni hte hpaw shalawm ai Nickel-Mag a n-gun hpe mung hkang lu ai gaw, chilled graphite hpe koi lu na matu grai kaja ai akyu pru wa lu ai.
Machyi masha ni:
Maka:
Controlled water-cooling gaw langai kaw nna kaga maga mi de die a langai sha re ai nbung katsi ai hpe hkam la lu na matu grai kaja ai. Raitim, hka katsi ai lam hpe la sa na matu yak ai rai yang, nbung katsi ai hpe shawng de shang wa ai hte hpang maga de pru wa ai nbung katsi ai jacket npu hta die hpe nbung katsi shangun na matu shakut na matu yak ai.
Machinability manghkang gaw grau nna hpang jahtum na n-gun ni hta sha madung tawn ai majaw, hpang jahtum na n-gun dat ni a microstructures ni hpe hkaja na matu hpaji jaw ai hte, kaja ai microstructure insert ni sha galaw shapraw ai hta lu la na matu ra ai minimum cut-off hpe dawdan na matu hpaji jaw ai. 300mm galu ai shingra tara hku nna nbung katsi ai short dies ni a matu gaw, n yawm htum 40-mm daram htum hkra galaw ra ai.
Aten galu hta hka htung ni a galu kaba ai lam hpe 30 – 35mm jat nna, hpang jahtum na plug nnan ni hpe galaw ra ai. Ndai hku galaw yang, hka htung langai hte langai kaw na insert jahpan hpe n jahten kau ai sha, grau kaba ai cut-off hpe pyi byin shangun na re.
600 mm galu ai hka htung hpe lu sha na matu grau kaja ai tsi langai mi nga ai rai nna, hpang jahtum daw hta 50mm cut-off galaw ai hte pyi jat wa ai.
Insulation:
kadun ai dis law law gaw ID hta n-gun n rawng ai hku jahpoi asawng ai arung arai ni hpe lang ai rai nna, dai gaw insulation hte separator hku nna galaw ai. Dai hta grau kaja ai hka lim ai arung arai ni nga ai, dai gaw katsi ai hpe grau kaja hkra makawp maga ya lu na re.
Dai hta n-ga, shawng na hpe insulate galaw nna, mai byin yang, die ni a hpang maga de na nsam ni hpe mung ra sharawng ai.
Die a ID ntsa gaw akyu rawng ai galaw ai aten hta gara aten hta raitim 300C npu de n mai byin ai. Ndai hpe hkam la lu na matu, die shagu hta contact pyrometer langai mi hpe lang ra ai.
Shift langai hte langai a shawng daw hta hte hkring sa ai shaloi, 1 (sh) dai hta jan ai dummy pot ni hpe ra ai hku ru bang ra ai, ID kaw die a n-gun gaw 300C jan ai hpe kam na matu.
Hpa majaw nga yang, 450 – 500 C hta n-gun jat wa na re. Ndai gaw kadun ai, shingra tara hku katsi mat ai dies ni a matu kaja dik ai nbung katsi ai lam re.
Records:
Para parameter yawng hpe matut manoi yu reng na matu hte hkrak ai hte hkrak ai record ni hpe matut manoi hkan sa na matu ahkyak nga ai.
Rawt jat galu kaba wa ai ladaw ni hta, ladle langai hte langai a carbon hte silicon jahpan ni hpe matut manoi tawn da nna, dai kaw na SiC jat bang ai lamang hpe gyin shalat na matu mung hpaji rawng ai lam rai nga ai.
Microstructure hpe hkang ai lam hpe, hka htung langai a hpang jahtum daw kaw na hpang jahtum na akyu rawng ai insert hpe mai byin ai daram law law lang galaw ra ai, casting hte cut-off a matu parameters ni gaw hkum tsup hkra n-gun n rawng hkra galaw ra ai.
